Abstraction
Introduction to OOP's
Class
Object
Constructor
Instance Variables
Class Variables
Instance Methods
self Keyword
Encapsulation
Public Members
Protected Members
Private Members
Inheritance
Single Inheritance
Multiple Inheritance
Multilevel Inheritance
Hierarchical Inheritance
Hybrid Inheritance
super() Function
Polymorphism
Method Overriding
Duck Typing
Abstraction
Abstract Class
Abstract Method
Class Method
Static Method
Special Methods
_str_ Method
Operator Overloading
Composition
Aggregation
Association
Method Resolution Order
Object Class
issubclass() and isinstance()
Property Decorator
Setter Method with @property
Destructor
Inner Class
Complete Mini Example
Abstraction
22. Abstraction
Abstraction hides implementation details and shows only the essential features to the user. In Python, abstraction is commonly implemented using abstract base classes from the abc module.
Syntax
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
class Shape(ABC):
@abstractmethod
def area(self):
pass
Example
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
class Vehicle(ABC):
@abstractmethod
def start(self):
pass
class Bike(Vehicle):
def start(self):
print("Bike starts with self button")
b = Bike()
b.start()
Output
Bike starts with self button
Example
Executing...
❌ Error:
✅ Output:
// Click Run ▶ to execute
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